Self-reported Physical Health Status Research Articles

Associations Between Food Insufficiency and Health Conditions Among New York City Adults, 2017-2018.

Food insecurity, a critical social determinant of health, has been measured nationwide in the United States for years. This analysis focuses on food insufficiency, a more severe form of food insecurity, in New York City (NYC) and its association with self-reported physical and mental health conditions. Data from the 2017-2018 NYC Community Health Survey were used to estimate the prevalence of food insufficiency citywide, by neighborhood, and across selected socioeconomic characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the associations between food insufficiency and hypertension, diabetes obesity, and depression, adjusting for selected sociodemographic characteristics. Approximately 9.4% (95% CI:8.8-10.0%]) of adult New Yorkers aged 18 + reported food insufficiency, with neighborhood variation from 1.7% (95% CI:0.5-6.2%) to 19.4% (95% CI:14.2-25.8%). Food insufficiency was more prevalent among Latinos/as (16.9%, 95% CI:15.5-18.3%, p < 0.001), Black (10.1%, 95% CI:8.8-11.5%, p < 0.001) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (6.6%, 95% CI:5.4-8.1%, p = 0.002) compared to White New Yorkers (4.2%, 95% CI:3.5-5.1%). Prevalence of food insufficiency was higher among NYC adults with less than a high school education, (19.6%, 95% CI:17.7-21.6%), compared to college graduates (3.8%, 95% CI:3.2-4.4%, p < 0.001). In the adjusted logistic regression model, food insufficiency was associated with diabetes (OR = 1.36; 95% CI:1.12-1.65), hypertension (OR = 1.58; 95% CI:1.32-1.89]) and depression (OR = 2.98; 95% CI:2.45-3.59), but not with obesity (OR = 0.99; 95% CI:0.84-1.21). Our findings highlight food insufficiency at an important intersection of inequity and disease burden which is critical to informing public health interventions in the context of a large, densely populated metropolis like NYC.

Physical activity habits prevent psychological distress in female academic students: The multiple mediating role of physical and psychosocial parameters

BackgroundPsychological distress is recognised as the most common mental health difficulty in emerging adult (18-to-24-year-old) female academic students. This study aimed to test a novel model positing physical activity habits as a protective factor for psychological distress through the mediating role of physical and psychological parameters. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and self-reported physical health status were included as physical parameters. Self-reported psychological health status and time spent on leisure activities were the psychological parameters considered. MethodData were collected between April and May 2021. Correlation analyses and a multiple mediation model were computed on 411 online questionnaires filled out by 18-to-24-year-old female students from the University of blind (Italy). ResultsThe multiple indirect effects were significant (β = −0.088; p < 0.001). This means that physical activity habits reduce psychological distress through high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a good self-assessment of one's physical and psychological health status, and more time spent on leisure activities outdoors, with friends, and with family members. ConclusionsResults show that academic policies should be adopted so as to design physical activity programmes that may improve the students’ healthy behaviours and social interactions, which, in turn, mitigate the detrimental effects of psychological distress.

Social determinants of health of Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic

The main aim of the study was to investigate the social determinants of health in the Ukrainian female refugee sample in the Czech Republic. The results showed that some determinants of health like financial difficulties and socioeconomic status decline during forced migration, inaccessibility of healthcare services, health deterioration, the presence of chronic diseases, limitation in daily activity due to ill health, experienced discrimination in host country, lack of a person to share personal feelings and issues were significantly associated with poor self-reported physical health status.

Self-reported general health/psychological status of Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic

Abstract 533 490 refugees from Ukraine received ‘temporary protection’ from the Czech government. The data for the cross-sectional study (919 females) were obtained via an online survey which recorded self-reported physical health and psychological status, specific aspects of mental health, coping strategies and demographic characteristics. The average age of participants was about 38 years old and more than 70% had children. Most respondents have a university education (71%), came from cities and towns (88.7 %), and had employment in Ukraine (73.8 %). As regards, self-reported health, 43% of females reported their general health as good, 46.8% as fair, and 10.2% as bad and very bad. In addition, 27.9% reported that their health has worsened during the last month and 4.5% that their health had worsened or that they had sustained injury due to the war. Also, 52.7% self-reported their psychological status as fair, 26% as bad, and 7.7% as having very bad status. Preliminary results showed that refugees more often used problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies and less avoidant coping strategies. Ineffective coping strategies of self-blame and behavioural disengagement were associated with poorly reported physical health/psychological status. Effective coping strategies were positively associated with better-reported psychological status. The majority of Ukrainian female refugees (75.2%) have a moderate level of perceived stress, and 20.3% have a high level. Total stress score was moderately positively correlated with the avoidant coping strategy (r = .48), so the higher the perceived stress the higher the possibility for respondents to employ avoidant coping strategy. Moreover, there were strong positive correlations between perceived stress and self-reported emotional and psychological status (r = .61) and positive correlations with self-reported physical health (r = .29). The higher level of perceived stress related to the worst self-reported physical and mental health. Key messages • The research outcomes could be used in the social policy of the Czech government to help Ukrainian female refugees to better adapt to the country and avoid worsening physical and mental health status. • Social policies can reduce the negative physical and mental health outcomes associated with refugees’ resettlement.

More patient-centered care, better healthcare: the association between patient-centered care and healthcare outcomes in inpatients.

The objective of this study is to explore the association between patient-centered care (PCC) and inpatient healthcare outcomes, including self-reported physical and mental health status, subjective necessity of hospitalization, and physician-induced demand behaviors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess patient-centered care among inpatients in comprehensive hospitals through QR codes after discharge from September 2021 to December 2021 and had 5,222 respondents in Jiayuguan, Gansu. The questionnaire included a translated 6-item version of the PCC questionnaire, physician-induced behaviors, and patients' sociodemographic characteristics including gender, household registration, age, and income. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess whether PCC promoted self-reported health, the subjective necessity of hospitalization, and decreased physician-induced demand. The interactions between PCC and household registration were implemented to assess the effect of the difference between adequate and inadequate healthcare resources. PCC promoted the patient's self-reported physical (OR = 4.154, p < 0.001) and mental health (OR = 5.642, p < 0.001) and subjective necessity of hospitalization (OR = 6.160, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, PCC reduced physician-induced demand in advising to buy medicines outside (OR = 0.415, p < 0.001), paying at the outpatient clinic (OR =0.349, p < 0.001), issuing unnecessary or repeated prescriptions and medical tests (OR = 0.320, p < 0.001), and requiring discharge and readmitting (OR = 0.389, p < 0.001). By improving health outcomes for inpatients and reducing the risk of physician-induced demand, PCC can benefit both patients and health insurance systems. Therefore, PCC should be implemented in healthcare settings.

Age and Sex Differences in the Associations Among Socioeconomic Status, Affective Reactivity to Daily Stressors, and Physical Health in the MIDUS Study.

Low socioeconomic status (SES) is robustly associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality. Affective reactivity to daily stressors has been proposed to be a mediator for this association. However, few longitudinal studies have empirically tested the indirect effect of SES on health through affective reactivity to daily stressors. This study aimed to test the indirect effect of SES on physical health via affective reactivity to daily stressors over a 10-year period and to explore age and sex differences in such indirect effect. Data were drawn from a subsample of 1,522 middle-aged and older adults (34-83 years of age, 57.2% female, 83.5% White) from the Midlife in the United States study. SES (i.e., education, household income, indicators of financial distress) was assessed in 2004-2006. Affective reactivity to daily stressors was computed using data collected during the 8-day daily stress assessment in 2004-2009. Self-reported physical health conditions were assessed in 2004-2006 and 2013-2014. There was a significant indirect effect of lower SES on more physical health conditions via elevated negative affective reactivity to daily stressors among women but not men. The indirect effect of SES on physical health conditions via negative affective reactivity to daily stressors was consistent across the middle and older adulthood. Our findings suggest that negative affective reactivity to daily stressors might be a key intermediate process contributing to persistent SES disparities in physical health, particularly among women.

The physical-mental health interface in the preconception period: analysis of 131 182 women planning pregnancy in the UK.

The physical and mental health of women prior to conception can have a significant impact on pregnancy and child outcomes. Given the rising burden of non-communicable diseases, the aim was to explore the relation between mental health, physical health and health behaviour in women planning a pregnancy. Cross-sectional analysis of responses from 131 182 women to a preconception health digital education tool, providing data on physical and mental health and health behaviour. Logistic regression was used to explore associations between mental health and physical health variables. Physical health conditions were reported by 13.1% and mental health conditions by 17.8%. There was evidence for an association between self-reported physical and mental health conditions (odds ratio [OR] 2.22, 95% CI 2.14-2.3). Those with a mental health condition were less likely to engage with healthy behaviour at preconception such as folate supplementation (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.86-0.92) and consumption of the recommended amount of fruit and vegetables (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.74-0.79). They were more likely to be physically inactive (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.11-1.18), smoke tobacco (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.66-1.78) and use illicit substances (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.25-2.55). Greater recognition of mental and physical comorbidities is needed and closer integration of physical and mental healthcare in the preconception period, which could support people to optimise their health during this time and improve long-term outcomes.

Comparison of quality of life between elderly and non-elderly adult residents in Okuma town, Japan, in a post-disaster setting.

With the growing elderly population who are susceptible to poor health, improvement of their quality of life is essential. In the post-disaster setting of the 2011 Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident, affected municipalities such as Okuma town commenced their recovery processes and lifted evacuation orders in 2019. This study examines the differences in self-reported mental and physical health status, social functioning, risk perception, and intention to return between elderly (age ≥65 years) and non-elderly (age 20-64 years) residents. Questionnaires were distributed to current residents and evacuees of Okuma. Results revealed that the elderly had a 1.4 times higher odds ratio (95%CI 1.0-1.8, p = 0.034) for having anxiety regarding radiation-related health effects on future generations and a 1.3 times higher odds ratio (95%CI 1.1-1.5, p = 0.001) for wanting to know about the release of FDNPP-treated water into the environment than the younger group. Elderly residents also demonstrated a 2.2 times higher odds ratio for reporting poor physical health than younger residents. Clearing misconceptions and disseminating coherent information will reduce risk perception among this group. Further in-depth research regarding the disposal of FDNPP-treated water and its perceived risks is required. Health promotion through the encouragement of social participation, improvement of surroundings to facilitate healthy behaviors, and enhanced access to health services will improve the quality of life of elderly Okuma residents.

Effect of a Remotely Delivered Self-directed Behavioral Intervention on Body Weight and Physical Health Status Among Adults With Obesity

The effectiveness of remotely delivered, self-directed, weight loss programs in routine clinical practice is largely unknown. To test whether a self-directed, remotely administered behavioral lifestyle intervention improves weight and self-reported general health status compared with usual care. In this randomized clinical trial, 511 adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more and less than 45 (based on electronic health record [EHR] weight and height), were enrolled from 30 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) sites between February 15, 2018, and December 18, 2018 (final follow-up February 18, 2021). Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 254) or the control group (n = 257). Both received usual care. Participants randomized to the intervention received Diabetes Prevention Program-based self-directed videos, handouts, and coaching messages via an online platform or US mail for 12 months. Coprimary outcomes were weight measured in primary care and recorded in the EHR and self-reported general health status using the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) physical component score (PCS; higher scores are better [range, 0-100]) at the 12-month follow-up. The between-group minimal clinically important differences are 3 kg for weight and 5 points for the SF-12 PCS. Linear mixed models used weights and SF-12 PCS measured at either time point, with participants analyzed according to randomization assignment. Statistical significance for each coprimary outcome was based on a 2-sided α level of .025. Among 511 participants randomized (mean age, 57.4 [SD, 13.9] years; 231 female [45%]), 429 (84.0%) had EHR-based weights and 410 (80.2%) had SF-12 PCS data at 12 months. The unadjusted mean weight at 12 months declined from 102.7 kg to 99.8 kg in the intervention group compared with 101.9 kg to 101.0 kg in the control group (adjusted between-group mean difference, -1.93 [97.5% CI, -3.24 to -0.61]; P = .001). At 12 months, the unadjusted mean SF-12 PCS scores declined from 44.8 to 44.3 among intervention participants compared with 44.5 to 43.2 among control participants (adjusted between-group mean difference, intervention minus control, 0.69 [97.5% CI, -1.11 to 2.49]; P = .39). Cardiovascular events represented the highest percentage of serious adverse events, accounting for 25% of events in the intervention group and 35% in the control group. Among adults with obesity, a remotely delivered self-directed, behavioral lifestyle intervention, compared with usual care, resulted in statistically significantly greater weight loss at 12 months, although the difference was not clinically important. There was no significant difference in self-reported general physical health status at 12 months. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03260140.

Self-Reported Health of Working-Age Refugees, Immigrants, and the Canadian-Born

Canada has a rapidly growing refugee population, yet, there are limited research studies on the physical health of working-age refugees in comparison to the health of immigrants and Canadian-born individuals. Investigating social capital and acculturation measures may provide important insights into the factors associated with good self-reported health and this may help to inform health promotion strategies for refugees in Canada. A secondary analysis was conducted on data collected from the Canadian General Social Survey 27 (GSS-27) comparing a sample of refugees (n = 753), immigrants (n = 5,063), and Canadian-born (n = 11,266) respondents between the ages of 15 and 64. Both bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Self-reported physical health, dichotomized into poor versus good, was the outcome of interest. The self-reported physical health status of refugees, immigrants, and Canadian-born respondents was comparable. Visible minority status was not significantly associated with self-reported health status. Among refugees, the likelihood of reporting good health was associated with being a woman, being married/common-law, being involved in a social group/organization, and having more than half of one’s friends who spoke a different mother tongue than the respondent. Refugees, however, were less likely to have a confidant and be involved in social groups/organizations as compared to immigrants or those born in Canada. The odds of reporting good health were significantly lower among those who had experienced discrimination within the last five years. Social capital and acculturation may be protective of the self-reported health of refugees in Canada. Initiatives to support refugees’ social connections are therefore warranted.

Intimate Partner Violence, Economic Insecurity, and Health Outcomes Among American Indian and Alaska Native Men and Women: Findings From a National Sample.

Limited data are available on experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) and health outcomes among American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) populations. This study explores the relationship between IPV and SV, food insecurity, housing insecurity, healthcare access, and self-reported physical and mental health status in a nationally representative sample of AIAN adults (N = 3,634). IPV and SV were associated with poorer physical and mental health at the bivariate level, but not in multivariate analyses. Economic inequalities are a salient predictor of health and may be compounded by demographic and geographic contexts.

Impact of exercise on physical health status in bladder cancer patients.

There is a scarcity of data on the impact of behavioral habits, such as exercise, on physical health in patients with bladder cancer. We investigated the association of exercise on self-reported physical health status and examined the prevalence of bladder cancer patients with sedentary lifestyle. We examined cross-sectional data of participants diagnosed with bladder cancer within the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2016-2020. Patient health status was surveyed using self-reported measures, such as the total days per month when their "physical health is not good." The primary outcome was patient-reported poor physical health for more than 14 days within a one-month period. Out of 2 193 981 survey participants, we identified 936 with a history of bladder cancer. Nearly one in three bladder cancer patients reported being sedentary within the last month, as a total of 307 (32.8%) patients reported no exercise within the last 30 days. The remaining 628 (67.2%) reported exercising for at least one day within the last month. In multivariable logistic regression model analysis, we found that exercise is protective for self-reported poor physical health status (odds ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.56, p<0.001). Patients that exercised were less likely to report bad physical health. Approximately one in three bladder cancer patients report no exercise within 30 days, suggesting a sedentary lifestyle. Patients that are active are less likely to self-report poor physical health status. Implementation of exercise programs for bladder cancer patients could be promising in improving health status.

Is childhood oral health the 'canary in the coal mine' for poor adult general health? Findings from two New Zealand birth cohort studies.

This study aimed to investigate whether childhood dental caries was associated with self-reported general health in midlife. We used data on childhood oral health (caries experience) and adult self-reported general health from two New Zealand longitudinal birth cohorts, the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (n=922 and n=931 at ages 5 and 45 years, respectively), and the Christchurch Health and Development Study (n=1048 and n=904 at ages 5 and 40 years, respectively). We used generalized estimating equations to examine associations between age-5 dental caries and self-rated general health and the number of self-reported physical health conditions at ages 45/40 (diagnosed by a doctor or health professional, n=14 conditions among both cohorts). Covariates included known risk factors for poor health (SES, IQ, perinatal complications), and personality style, which is known to affect subjective health ratings. Incidence rate ratios for 'Excellent' self-rated health were lower among those who had high experience of dental caries as children than those who had not in both, the Dunedin (IRR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.50, 1.14) and Christchurch studies (IRR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.47, 1.00). Childhood dental caries was not associated with the number of self-reported physical health conditions in midlife, in either cohort. Dunedin Study members who at age 5 were not caries-free or whose parents rated their own or their child's oral health as poor were less likely to report 'Excellent' self-rated general health at age 45 than those who were caries-free and whose parents did not give a 'poor' rating (IRR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49, 0.97). Five-year-olds with greater caries experience were more likely to have poorer self-rated general health by midlife. Beyond this longitudinal association, future research should examine whether childhood dental caries is associated with objective/biological markers of physical health and whether it may have utility as an early indicator for poor general health in adulthood.

Physical Health Conditions in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury Across 21 Countries Worldwide.

ObjectivesTo describe the 3-month prevalence and correlates of self-reported physical health conditions in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) worldwide.Study designMultinational cross-sectional survey.SubjectsCommunity-living persons with traumatic or non-traumatic SCI aged >18 years from 21 countries representing all the 6 World Health Organization regions.MethodsThe study used data from 11,058 participants in the International SCI Community Survey (InSCI). The survey, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for SCI, was conducted in 2017–19 simultaneously in the participating countries. The health conditions were reported on a modified version of the SCI Secondary Conditions Scale.ResultsOverall, 95.8% of the participants reported having experienced 1 or more health problems secondary to SCI. Having pain was the most prevalent problem (77.3%), followed by spasticity/muscle spasms (73.5%) and sexual dysfunction (71.3%), and the least prevlent was respiratory problems (28.8%). The participants reported a mean of 7.4 concurrent health conditions. Unmet healthcare needs, being a smoker, being a female, having a complete lesion, and a traumatic injury exhibited significant associations with comorbidity.ConclusionPhysical health problems secondary to SCI are extremely common worldwide and demand investment in appropriate management, medical care and preventative measures.LAY ABSTRACTMore than 500,000 people experience a spinal cord injury (SCI) every year. Because of the impairments of having SCI, many experience co-occurrence of additional health conditions, called comorbidity. This study describes the 3-month prevalence, and associated factors of self-reported physical health conditions secondary to SCI across 21 countries worldwide. The study uses data from 11,058 adults with SCI participating in the International SCI Community Survey in 2017–19. The results showed that physical health problems secondary to SCI are extremely common worldwide. Having pain, muscle spasms/spasticity, sexual dysfunction and bowel dysfunction were the most common, all with rates above 70%. The participants experienced a mean of 7 concurrent health conditions in addition to their SCI. Those reporting unmet healthcare needs, being a smoker, female, and having a complete lesion were most at risk for having comorbidity. These findings demand investment in appropriate management, medical care and preventative measures.

Quality of Life and Social and Psychological Outcomes in Adulthood Following Allogeneic HSCT in Childhood for Inborn Errors of Immunity

BackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is well established as a corrective treatment for many inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) presenting in childhood. Due to improved techniques, more transplants are undertaken and patients are living longer. However, long-term complications can significantly affect future health and quality of life. Previous research has focused on short-term medical outcomes and little is known about health or psychosocial outcomes in adulthood.ObjectiveThis project aimed to ascertain the long-term social and psychological outcomes for adults who underwent HSCT for IEI during childhood.MethodsAdult patients, who had all undergone HSCT for IEI during childhood at two specialist immunology services at least 5 years previously, were invited to participate in the study. Questionnaires and practical tasks assessed their current functioning and circumstances. Information was also gathered from medical notes. Data was compared with population norms and a control group of participant-nominated siblings or friends.ResultsEighty-three patients and 46 matched controls participated in the study. Patients reported significantly better physical health-related quality of life than the general population norm, but significantly worse than matched controls. Patient’s self-reported physical health status and the perceived impact of their physical health on everyday life were worse than matched controls and patients reported higher levels of anxiety and lower mood than the general population. For those where their IEI diagnosis was not associated with a learning disability, cognitive function was generally within the normal range.ConclusionsPatients who have had a HSCT in childhood report mixed psychosocial outcomes in adulthood. More research is needed to establish screening protocols and targeted interventions to maximize holistic outcomes.Clinical ImplicationsScreening for holistic needs and common mental health difficulties should be part of routine follow-up. Information should be provided to patients and families in order to support decision-making regarding progression to transplant and the early identification of any difficulties.

MP42-06 IMPACT OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL HEALTH STATUS IN BLADDER CANCER PATIENTS

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP42-06 IMPACT OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL HEALTH STATUS IN BLADDER CANCER PATIENTS Mara Koelker, Khalid Alkhatib, Muhieddine Labban, Mark A. Preston, Timothy N. Clinton, Steven L. Chang, Quoc-Dien Trinh, and Matthew Mossanen Mara KoelkerMara Koelker More articles by this author , Khalid AlkhatibKhalid Alkhatib More articles by this author , Muhieddine LabbanMuhieddine Labban More articles by this author , Mark A. PrestonMark A. Preston More articles by this author , Timothy N. ClintonTimothy N. Clinton More articles by this author , Steven L. ChangSteven L. Chang More articles by this author , Quoc-Dien TrinhQuoc-Dien Trinh More articles by this author , and Matthew MossanenMatthew Mossanen More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002608.06AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Little is known about behavioral habits such as exercise and its impact on the physical health of bladder cancer patients during and after their cancer treatment. In this study we aim to investigate the role of exercise on self-reported physical health status of bladder cancer patients. We hypothesized that less active patients are more likely to self-report poor physical health. METHODS: We examined cross-sectional data of participants diagnosed with bladder cancer within the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) between 2016 and 2020. The BRFSS is a national health related survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Patient health status was surveyed using self-reported measures (e.g.: Total days per month when “physical health is not good.”). A multivariable logistic regression model analysis (MVA) was conducted adjusting for age, gender, income, smoking status, BMI, cancer treatment and physical activity. The primary outcome was patient reported poor physical health for more than 14 days within a one-month period. RESULTS: Out of 2,193,981 survey participants, we identified 936 with a history of bladder cancer, only one patient did not complete the questionnaire. Approximately, 1 in 3 bladder cancer patients reported being sedentary within the last month, as a total of 307 (32.8%) patients reported no physical activity or exercise within the last 30 days. The remaining 628 (67.2%) reported being physical active or exercising within the last month for at least one day. In MVA we found that physical activity or exercise is a significant negative predictor of self-reported poor physical health status (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.56, p<0.001). Patients that exercised were less likely to report bad physical health. More details are summarized in Table1. Our MVA model had a goodness-of-fit test of 0.54 with an area under the curve of 0.72. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately, 1 in 3 bladder cancer patients report no physical activity of exercise within 30 days suggesting a sedentary lifestyle. Patients that are active are less likely to self-report poor physical health status. Implementation of physical activity and exercise programs for bladder cancer patients could be promising in improving health status and will need further investigation. Source of Funding: MK is supported by the German Academic Exchange Service © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e732 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Mara Koelker More articles by this author Khalid Alkhatib More articles by this author Muhieddine Labban More articles by this author Mark A. Preston More articles by this author Timothy N. Clinton More articles by this author Steven L. Chang More articles by this author Quoc-Dien Trinh More articles by this author Matthew Mossanen More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Cognitive function and associated factors in older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Identification of cognition status and its associated factors permit targeted interventions. This study aimed to: (i) investigate cognitive function of Chinese older adults using a large, nationally representative cohort; and (ii) explore its associated factors from aspects of socio-demographic, health behaviour, physical and mental health. Data on 2665 adults aged 65 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study wave 4 in 2018 were analyzed. Information on self-reported cognition status, socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviour, physical and mental health status were obtained. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to explore associated factors. The cognition score was 24.8, with 41.1% of Chinese older adults identified as cognitively impaired. Better cognition was associated with being married, more education, living in a city/town or urban-rural integration zone, moderate night-time sleep (5-9 h) and post-lunch napping (less than 90 min), moderate/light physical activity for 30 min to 2 h every day, socially active and good health status; while worse cognition was associated with older age, intensive physical activity every day and more than 4 h a day, greater dependency in activities of daily living and depression. Cognitive impairment is a common health problem in Chinese older adults. Its associated factors are multifaceted, including socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviour and physical and mental health status. Developing interventions focused on these factors may be an important part of optimising cognition in these populations.

An examination of parents’ perceptions of developmental disability, social support, and health outcomes among Chinese American parents of children with developmental disabilities

Asian immigrant parents raising children with developmental disabilities experience frustration, stress, social isolation, and poor health outcomes. Based on data collected from 55 Chinese American parents of children with developmental disabilities, this study examined the relationships between individual characteristics, parents’ perceptions of developmental disability, social support, severity of disability, and parents’ self-reported physical health and depressive symptoms. The findings showed that Chinese American parents exhibited different pathways for better health outcomes. Overall social support, specific support from family and friends/co-workers, and community involvement were significant correlates of maternal self-reported physical health and depressive symptoms. Fear of stigmatization was significantly and positively associated with maternal depressive symptoms. Similarly, education and employment status correlated with paternal self-reported physical health and depressive symptoms. The ages of parents and their children were found to be negatively correlated with paternal depressive symptoms. The child’s disability severity level was not associated with parents’ self-reported physical health and depressive symptoms. The findings also confirmed that parents’ self-reported physical health status was significantly and negatively associated with their own depressive symptoms. Chinese American mothers experienced poor physical health and greater depressive symptoms compared to Chinese American fathers. The study’s clinical implications and limitations are discussed.

A national survey on COVID-19\xa0second-wave lockdowns on older adults\u2019 mental wellbeing, health-seeking behaviours and social outcomes across Australia

BackgroundThe impact of severe second lockdown measures on older adults’ wellbeing is unknown. We aimed to (i) identify the impact of the second lockdown that resulted from the second wave of COVID-19 cases on older Australians’ quality of life; (ii) compare the impact of second wave lockdowns in Victoria, Australia’s second most populous State, to those in other States and Territories not in lockdown.MethodsA national cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older adults completed online questionnaires for quality of life, social networks, healthcare access, and perceived impact of COVID-19 between July to September 2020. Tobit regression was used to measure the relationships of healthcare service access and social networks with quality of life of older adults in Victoria compared to those in the rest of Australia.ResultsA total of 2,990 respondents (mean [SD] age, 67.3 [7.0]; 66.8 % female) participated. At time of data collection, Victoria’s second COVID-19 lockdown had been in force for an average 51.7 days. Median quality of life scores were significantly higher in Victoria compared to the rest of Australia (t2,827=2.25 p = 0.025). Being female (95 % CI, -0.051–0.020), having lower educational attainment (95 % CI, -0.089–-0.018), receiving government benefits (95 % CI, -0.054–-0.024), having small social networks (95 % CI, 0.006–0.009) and self-reported physical chronic health conditions were all independent predictors of lower quality of life.ConclusionsLonger-term studies are required to provide more robust evidence of the impact as restrictions lift and normal social conventions return.

Violence predicts physical health consequences of human trafficking: Findings from a longitudinal study of labor trafficking in Ghana

Research consistently finds high rates of both poor physical health and violent victimization among survivors of human trafficking. While this literature documents the immediate effects of human trafficking on health, no published literature has compared short- and longer-term physical health consequences of trafficking or examined the role of violence in shaping physical health outcomes across the period of reintegration. Here, we utilize longitudinal data to document the prevalence of various forms of violence experienced by women and girls trafficked for labor in Ghana, as well as examine the effects of violence on self-reported physical health conditions at two time points following exit from trafficking. Consistent with the stress process model, we find a higher prevalence of physical health complaints during the second wave of data collection, suggesting a delayed somatization effect. We also find that while psychological violence has a strong effect on the number of physical health complaints in the period immediately after exit from trafficking, sexual violence experienced while being trafficked is most predictive of physical health complaints later in the reintegration period. These findings have implications for understanding the role of violence, more generally, in shaping physical health. Our research also suggests the importance of monitoring the physical health of trafficking survivors beyond the immediate post-trafficking period and of providing on-going access to healthcare.